What is the primary focus of judicial review?

Judicial review primarily focuses on the review of the constitutional validity of legislative acts. This process allows courts to assess whether laws passed by the legislative branch conform to the Constitution. If a law is found to be in conflict with the Constitution, the judiciary has the authority to nullify that law, effectively ensuring that legislative actions adhere to constitutional principles. The establishment of judicial review was solidified through landmark cases such as Marbury v. Madison, which asserted the role of the Supreme Court in interpreting the Constitution and upholding the rule of law. This mechanism of checks and balances is a vital function within the American governmental system, safeguarding individual rights and maintaining the supremacy of the Constitution over statutory law and government actions.