Which principle of the Constitution refers to the division of governmental powers among various levels of government?

The principle of Federalism refers to the division of governmental powers among various levels of government, specifically between the national and state governments. This structure allows for a dual system where both levels of government have their own responsibilities and powers. Under federalism, certain powers are delegated to the national government, such as the power to regulate interstate commerce and conduct foreign affairs, while other powers are reserved for the states, including the ability to control education and local law enforcement.

This division helps to prevent the concentration of power in a single entity, thereby promoting a system of governance that is closer to the citizens and more responsive to their needs. Federalism also allows for diversity in governance, as states can implement different policies and laws that reflect their unique populations and issues.

Understanding this principle is crucial, as it emphasizes how the Constitution structures authority and the relationship between different levels of government, ensuring that power is balanced and decentralized.